Encounter Haihun Marquis丨相遇海昏侯

West wind, evening glow, on tombs of Han

Nanchang Haihun Marquis State Site which excavated since 2011 is the largest and best preserved Han Dynasty Marquis Tomb Site discovered in China.

The "Fine Artifacts Exhibition of Western Han Liu He Tomb” at Shanghai Minhang Museum showcases 110 sets totally including the materials of bronze, gold, jade, bamboo slips and wooden tablets, etc. The exhibition hall is decorated in the architectural style of the Han Dynasty to provide a glimpse into the Han's flourishing era.

The first opening day drew diverse audiences from middle school students to young individuals dressed in traditional Han clothing all captivated by the rich historical ambiance of these exquisite artifacts.

Visitor Cai Jiahe told journalist, "There are many rare things. Through these cultural relics,  we can understand the history and inherit the culture better."

Cai's parent, Mrs. Xu said, "Before, we could only see it in history books and look at pictures. This time we can see the actual items inside the museum. My child specifically took time off to attend the lecture, because the opening lectures for each new exhibition at Minhang Museum are usually excellent."

The audience, Ms. Yang, was impressed by the exquisite collection. Yang said, "This period of history is very attractive to me, and I think Han Dynasty objects, such as Hanfu, are very beautiful. Not only the Han Dynasty, but the traditional costumes of all Chinese dynasties are actually very beautiful. The exhibition is very organized, and each section has corresponding instruments and artifacts for everyone to enjoy. What attracts me the most is some of the dazzling and magnificent artifacts from Liu He who adorned with brilliant golden splendor. It has truly broadened my horizons."

The exhibition area of "Stack of Gold and Coins" surrounded

by gold artifacts

You can admire the exquisite patterns of "Horseshoe-shaped Golds" and "Linzhi Golds". There are also more than 20 pieces of "Pie-Shaped Golds" each weighing 250 grams and the purity reaches 99%. These are tangible witnesses to the Han Dynasty's Gold Smelting Technology.

Pie-Shaped Golds

Horseshoe-shaped Golds

Linzhi Golds

Among the artifacts, the "Bronze Lamp with a Fume Pipe" and "Bronze Lantern in the Shape of a Fish in a Wild Goose's Beak" are environmentally friendly products from 2,000 years ago. When candles burn, they produce a large amount of white smokes. The wise people of Han Dynasty had great wisdom, enabling white smokes to be self-digested inside the lamp.

Bronze Lantern in the Shape of a Fish in a Wild Goose's Beak

Xu Di, who works in Shanghai Minhang Museum introduced the lamp to journalist, "The principle of this cylinder lamp is that when the animal oil is ignited on the lamp panel, the smokes rise. Then based on the circulation of this pipeline, the smokes can be conveyed to the abdomen of the jar which contains water, allowing it to absorb the smokes. Therefore through the principles of thermal expansion and contraction as well as air circulation, it demonstrates the environmental consciousness of ancient people."

Lacquer Mirror with Confucius Portrait

"Lacquer Mirror with Confucius Portrait" has the portrait of Confucius and his five disciples on the mirror case which is the earliest known image of Confucius. It reflects the profound influence of Confucianism on Liu He, and also confirms the unified thought of "banning all schools of thought except Confucianism" in the Han Dynasty.

Xu Di said, "In the third line, there's a quote from Yan Hui who was Confucius's proudest disciple. He has a word that 'When called, act positively; when neglected, conceal yourself'.  In essence, it is a Confucian thought which advises one to perform well when in need and withdraw when not required. Speculatively it seems that in the later stage of Liu's life derived a motto from Confucian philosophy. After experiencing four different stages of life, he gained insights and certainly a tendency for self-preservation."

It is worth mentioning that，some paintings from the audiences are displayed in the "Audience Art Exhibition" area. The lobby outside the exhibition hall also has a horse-drawn carriage for visitors to take photos.

Mrs. Bao told journalist, "Minhang's exhibitions are always amazing. The curation and the exhibits are very attractive. We can see many relics in Shanghai. Because I pretty like history, I am very interested in the historical exhibits which are in the museums. And it's very well curated. Especially the exhibition brochure is also well done. Cultural and creative products are very attractive to us. This time can be a bit boyond my expectation. Because every new exhibition, I come on the first day but today seems to have a particularly large number of people. Everyone seems particularly high-enthusiasm."

Looking back over two thousand years, the essence of the Han Dynasty still prevails. Through the shimmering treasures of gold and jade the solemn bronze ritual vessels and the vast Confucian classics, one can appreciate the wisdom and vitality of the ancestors, witness the magnificence and demeanor of the Han Dynasty and feel the distant brilliance of Chinese civilization.

西风残照 汉家陵阙

2011年开始发掘的南昌海昏侯国遗址是中国迄今发现的面积最大、保存最好的汉代侯国遗址。

在上海的闵行博物馆“西汉刘贺墓精品文物展”中，共展出110件（套）精品文物，包含青铜、黄金、玉器、竹简、木牍等不同材质的制品。厅内装饰为汉代建筑风格，让人一秒穿越到汉代盛世。开展首日，吸引了众多观众前来观展，其中既有请假前来的初中生，也有身着汉服的年轻人，大家都被充满历史气息的精美文物而吸引。

学生蔡家和高兴地告诉记者：“这里有许多稀奇的东西，我们可以通过这些物品，更好地了解历史，更好地传承文化。”

学生家长徐女士说：“以前只在历史书里面看到这些文物。我只能看看书，翻翻图片。这次就能在博物馆里面看到实物。我特意给孩子请假过来参加讲座的。因为每次闵行博物馆新展的开幕的讲座应该都不错的。”

“这一段历史非常吸引我，我觉得汉代的物品，比如汉服很精美。不只是汉代，我们中华所有朝代的传统服饰，其实都非常漂亮。这次展览非常有条理，每一个篇章都有对应的器具包括文物给大家欣赏。最吸引我的就是刘贺金光闪闪、富丽堂皇的一些文物，真是大开眼界。”观众杨女士对精美的藏品赞叹不已。

位于整个展厅最中央的“堆金聚币”可以欣赏到褭蹏金、麟趾金非常精巧的花纹，还有20余件饼金，每一枚的克重都达到了250克。同时，它的纯度也非常高，经过检测达到了99%，是汉代黄金冶炼技术的实物见证。

饼金

褭蹏金

麟趾金

在青铜制品中，记者发现了2000年前的“环保”产品——青铜缸灯和雁鱼形铜灯。蜡烛在燃烧时，会产生大量的白烟，聪明的古人有着大智慧，能够让白烟在灯内自行消化。

雁鱼型铜灯

“这个缸灯的原理是通过在灯盘上面放动物油的灯之后，它的烟向上飘，然后根据管道的流通，把烟传导到灯的腹部，腹部罐子里是有水的，就可以把烟净化掉。它是通过热胀冷缩以及空气流通的原理，这也是古人环保意识的体现。”闵行区博物馆宣教部主任徐迪介绍道。

孔子徒人图漆衣镜

《孔子徒人图漆衣镜》的镜匣上绘有孔子及其五个弟子画像，是目前已知最早的孔子形象。体现了海昏侯刘贺深受儒家思想的影响，也是汉代“罢黜百家，独尊儒术”统一思想的印证。

“其中第三行就有一个叫做‘颜回曰’。颜回是谁？颜回是孔子最得意的门生。他说过一句话，叫做‘用之则行，舍之则藏’，这其实就是一种儒家思想，意思是用你的时候就好好表现，不用你的时候就要隐世。其实推测是刘贺后期从这儒家思想当中得出了一个座右铭，所以经过他的四段不同的人生经历，他得出了感悟。当然也有一些自保的倾向。”徐迪介绍道。

值得一提的是，在备展期间，闵博开展了文物绘画作品征集活动，而部分观众的作品也在“观众画展”区域展示。展厅外部的大堂还设置了马车，供观众拍照打卡。

“闵博的展览每次都办得让我们感到很惊艳，策展策得很好，展册做得好，让我们在上海不出远门就能够看到很多精彩的展品”，观众包女士告诉记者，她是闵行博物馆的忠实粉丝，每次展览都是头天来，这次展览首日人多得出乎她意料，“大家的热情特别高涨。”

一望两千年，汉风今犹在。透过闪耀的良金美玉、庄重的青铜礼器、博大的儒学经典等文物，体会先祖的智慧与灵气，领略大汉侯国的气度与风范，感受中华文明的悠远与灿烂。